For grapheme-to-phoneme conversion, we rely on the aforementioned eSpeak-NG as well as transphone. We use encodec, a neural audio codec as intermediate representation for caching the train data to ...

In this paper, we propose Hangul grapheme segmentation method by structural approach, which is developed on the machine printed characters with the widely known fonts such as Myunjo, Gulim and Gothic ...

We propose grapheme-based sub-word units for spoken term detection (STD). Compared to phones, graphemes have a number of potential advantages. For out-of-vocabulary search terms, phone- based ...