Occasionally, the thoracodorsal bundle is bifurcated, with separate superior and inferior branches entering the latissimus dorsi; this is particularly likely if the entry point appears very high.

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Patients who have undergone irradiation of the breast, chest wall, or axilla (including irradiation of the thoracodorsal vessels) may not be eligible for this procedure.

In the Madden group, two vascular sections were recorded: in one case the thoracodorsal artery was injured and, in the other, the axillary vein was partially sectioned, while in the Patey group, only ...