James was the son of Mary Queen of Scots and her second husband Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley. He was descended through the Scottish kings from Robert the Bruce, and the English Tudors through his great ...

Culen (Cuilén mac Ildulb) was a son of Indulf. He challenged his cousin King Dubh in battle at Duncrub in 965, and was believed to be subsequently responsible for his murder after which he became king ...

King of England 924–39. The son of Edward the Elder, Athelstan brought about English unity by ruling both Mercia and Wessex. He defeated an invasion by Scots, Irish, and the men of Strathclyde at ...

757 - Offa seizes the Kingdom Mercia after the murder of his cousin Aethelbald. 776 - Defeats the men of Kent at Otford 779 - Offa defeats Cynewulf of Wessex at Bensington in Oxfordshire. 784 - Offa ...

The main element of the Royal Arms is the shield which is divided into four quarters (see diagram). The three golden lions on a red background, symbolising England, occupy the first and fourth ...

King of England from 1216, when he succeeded John, but the royal powers were exercised by a regency until 1232, and by two French nobles, Peter des Roches and Peter des Rivaux, until the barons forced ...

974-985 Hywel ab Ieuaf (Hywel the bad) Lord of Gwynedd 985-986 Cadwallon ab Ieuaf Lord of Gwynedd 999-1005 Maredudd ap Owain Lord of Gwynedd & Dehuebarth 1005-1018 Aeddan ap Blegywryd Lord of Gwynedd ...

King of England from 1035. The illegitimate son of Canute, known as Harefoot, he claimed the crown on the death of his father, when the rightful heir, his half-brother Harthacnut, was in Denmark and ...

Anglo-Saxon king 871–899 who defended England against Danish invasion and founded the first English navy. He became King of Wessex after his brother Aethelred died in 871, and a new legal code came ...

Kenneth II (Cináed mac Maíl Coluim) son of Malcolm I became King when Culen was killed, but faced a challenge from Culen’s brother Olaf. The challenge was ended when Kenneth had Olaf killed in 977.

When did the last British King fight in a battle? George II was the last British King to lead his army in person, during the War of the Austrian Succession, at the Battle of Dettingen in Bavaria, 27th ...

The death of Margaret, Maid of Norway, left no clear successor and the Scottish throne without a monarch for two years. King Edward I of England called a series of meetings of with claimants who ...