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1 Woolcock Institute of Medical Research (Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and University of Sydney), P O Box M77, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia 2 Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, ...

Background The bronchial epithelium and underlying reticular basement membrane (RBM) have a close spatial and functional inter-relationship and are considered an epithelial–mesenchymal trophic unit ...

Background In patients who have been mechanically ventilated, inspiratory muscles remain weak and fatigable following ventilatory weaning, which may contribute to dyspnoea and limited functional ...

Background Conflicting evidence has emerged regarding the relevance of smoking on risk of COVID-19 and its severity. Methods We undertook large-scale observational and Mendelian randomisation (MR) ...

Inflammation in preschool cystic fibrosis is of mixed phenotype, extends beyond the lung and is differentially modified by CFTR modulators ...

Correspondence to: A O C Johnson, Department of General and Respiratory Medicine, Pontefract General Infirmary, Pontefract WF8 1PL, UK; owen.johnson{at}panp-tr.northy.nhs.uk For most passengers, even ...

Correspondence to Dr Onno C P van Schayck, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; onno.vanschayck{at}maastrichtuniversity.nl ...

3 Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway Correspondence to Dr Xiao-Mei Mai, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and ...

Background There is conflicting research about the association between asthma and poor educational attainment that may be due to asthma definitions. Our study creates seven categories of current ...

Department of Pediatrics, Montréal Children’s Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada Correspondence to: Dr R T Brouillette Department of Pediatrics, Montréal Children’s Hospital, 2300 ...

Asthma is the most common chronic condition in children worldwide. It affects daytime activities, sleep and school attendance and causes anxiety to parents, families and other carers. The quality of ...