Incidental to the observations which we have made, evidence has been obtained of the reflection of atmospherics at an ionized layer.

X-ray detection of an ultrafast outflow of gas is strongly linked with energy emission from the inner accretion disk of a black hole, suggesting that X-rays ionize the outflowing disk wind.

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One of the less familiar aspects of both planets is that they possess an ionosphere — a layer of ionized (electrically charged) particles — in their upper atmospheres.

¶There are three major ionized layers. Their heights were obtained by noting the time required for radio echoes to return to Earth.

Signals passing through these ionized layers lose energy, which can lead to radio blackouts. The effects vary depending on the flare's intensity and the radio wave frequency.

Charged particles in Earth's atmosphere, which make up the ionosphere, create bands of color above Earth's surface, known as airglow. ICON, depicted in this artist's concept, will study the ...

They think its ionized layers are stirred into turbulence, perhaps by meteors, and that patches of its gas are always in a condition to reflect small amounts of high-frequency energy.

The methods of Chapman and Enskog are used to discuss conduction of electricity and diffusion currents in an ionized gas with several constituents, in a transverse magnetic field. The free-path ...